The most comprehensive guide to shed building permits in the United States. Find size thresholds, fees, building codes, and electrical/plumbing requirements for all 50 states.
Interactive Map
Click any state on the map or use the dropdown below to see permit requirements.
Quick Reference
Most states exempt sheds between 120-200 sq ft from building permits. The International Residential Code (IRC) default is 200 sq ft for one-story detached accessory structures.
In virtually every state, running electricity to your shed requires a separate electrical permit, even if the shed itself is small enough to be exempt from a building permit.
Even when a building permit is not required, zoning regulations like setback rules (minimum distances from property lines) almost always still apply.
Cities and counties frequently set stricter requirements than the state minimum. Always check with your local building department, not just state code.
Florida, particularly Miami-Dade and Broward Counties, has the strictest requirements in the continental US due to hurricane risk, with mandatory wind load tie-downs.
Homeowner association rules can be more restrictive than city or state codes, limiting shed size, height, materials, colors, and placement regardless of permits.
Building without a required permit can result in fines, demolition orders, insurance issues, and problems when selling your home. The permit cost is usually a small fraction of the total project.
All 50 States
Click any state to expand and see full permit details.
Most jurisdictions follow the standard IRC 120 sq ft threshold. Local variation is common across municipalities.
No statewide code creates significant variation. Anchorage exempts up to 200 sq ft; Palmer requires permits over 320 sq ft.
Generally permit-friendly for small sheds. Scottsdale, Tempe, and Queen Creek use the 200 sq ft threshold.
Notable for having a statewide code that applies even in rural, unincorporated areas.
Strict statewide code. Any electrical or plumbing triggers a permit at ANY size regardless of square footage.
Local jurisdictions adopt codes independently. Mountain counties often have stricter requirements.
Unified statewide building code with the standard 200 sq ft exemption under CSBC Section 105.2.
Thresholds vary between 120 and 240 sq ft by county. Dover allows up to 240 sq ft if eave height is 10 ft or less.
High-wind state. Almost all jurisdictions require at least a zoning permit for sheds of any size to verify wind load tie-downs and setbacks.
Follows state minimum codes via the DCA. Sheds over 120 sq ft or more than one story require a permit.
Thresholds depend heavily on zoning. Agricultural land in Hawaii County may exempt up to 600 sq ft; residential land typically 120 sq ft.
Standard 200 sq ft exemption for one-story, non-habitable detached accessory structures.
Thresholds vary drastically by municipality. Northbrook exempts prefab sheds up to 80 sq ft; others use the standard 200 sq ft.
Most common threshold is 200 sq ft, though some cities like Columbus lower it to 120 sq ft or require permits for permanent foundations.
Varies by city: Coralville uses 200 sq ft exemption, Waterloo lowers to 120 sq ft.
Standard IRC exemption of 200 sq ft is widely used across the state with local enforcement.
Residential accessory buildings under 200 sq ft are generally exempt. Commercial threshold drops to 120 sq ft.
State defines accessory structures as up to 500 sq ft. Most parishes use 200 sq ft permit threshold; New Orleans requires permits for any improvement.
Most municipalities require permits for sheds over 200 sq ft. LUPC governs rural unorganized territories.
County-based system. Most counties exempt sheds under 200 sq ft, but Baltimore County lowers the threshold to 120 sq ft.
Strict state code. Permits not required for one-story detached accessory structures up to 120 sq ft under 780 CMR 105.2.
State law requires a building permit for accessory structures 200 sq ft or larger.
Standard statewide exemption applies to one-story detached accessory structures up to 200 sq ft.
Coastal counties must adopt the state building code for hurricane mitigation. Inland adoption varies.
Relies entirely on local adoption of the IBC/IRC. Most municipalities use a 120 sq ft threshold.
Key exemption: private garages and storage buildings for the owner's personal use are exempt from STATE building permits. Local counties typically require permits over 200 sq ft.
Sheds under 120 sq ft are generally allowed without a building permit under locally adopted codes.
Clark County and Douglas County require building permits for sheds exceeding 200 sq ft.
Municipalities generally set the exemption limit at 200 sq ft for residential projects.
Among the strictest in the nation. Sheds must meet ALL conditions: under 200 sq ft, under 10 ft mean height, no utilities, and residential use. Any utility triggers a full UCC permit.
Standard IRC exemption of 200 sq ft is utilized statewide.
Thresholds vary heavily by town. Yonkers requires permits for sheds larger than 8x10 ft (80 sq ft). Many upstate towns require permits for all storage sheds.
Unique dimensional rule: sheds with no single dimension greater than 12 feet (e.g., 12x12 = 144 sq ft max) do not require a building permit.
Standard 200 sq ft exemption is used across local jurisdictions.
Under the 2024 OBC Rules, permits are not required for one-story detached accessory structures with floor area not exceeding 120 sq ft.
In most cases, if a shed is one story and under 200 sq ft, no building permit is needed.
Exemption applies if EITHER under 200 sq ft in area OR under 15 ft in height. Fabric-covered carports up to 500 sq ft are also exempt.
State UCC exempts sheds, carports, garages, and greenhouses under 1,000 sq ft for detached one-family dwellings. However, municipalities can opt-in to stricter rules.
Notably low thresholds compared to other states. Middletown requires a permit for sheds over 64 sq ft. Most other towns use 100–200 sq ft.
Standard exemption under SC Residential Code Section R105.2 applies to one-story detached accessory structures up to 200 sq ft.
Most jurisdictions require a permit for sheds over 120 sq ft. Crooks allows up to 200 sq ft without a permit.
At the state level, building permits are NOT required for detached garages, sheds, barns, or structures not used for living purposes. Local jurisdictions enforce their own rules, typically 200 sq ft.
Entirely locally governed. Most major cities (Austin, Mansfield, Dickinson) require permits for sheds over 200 sq ft or two stories.
Saratoga Springs and Riverton require permits over 200 sq ft. Salt Lake City lowers the threshold to 120 sq ft.
Zoning permits for sheds over 100 sq ft. Building permits are only required for much larger structures.
Among the most generous standard state-level exemptions in the country at 256 sq ft, codified at the state level under 13VAC5-63-80 Section 108.2.
Permit not required for one-story detached accessory buildings used as tool/storage sheds under 200 sq ft (WAC 51-16-080).
Standard IRC exemption of 200 sq ft is widely used across local jurisdictions.
Under the Uniform Dwelling Code, sheds up to 150 sq ft generally do not require a building permit.
Most cities and counties (like Teton County) exempt non-habitable accessory structures up to 200 sq ft. Evanston lowers the threshold to 120 sq ft.
Quick Comparison
| State | Size Threshold | Height Limit | Typical Fees | Building Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 120 sq ft | 15–20 ft | $50–$150 | 2021 IBC/IRC (BELS) |
| Alaska | 200 sq ft | 25 ft (Anchorage) | Variable | No mandatory statewide code |
| Arizona | 200 sq ft | 10–15 ft | ~$75 (Scottsdale) | No statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Arkansas | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$100 | 2018 IBC/IRC (statewide via State Fire Marshal) |
| California | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $200–$400+ | CBC Title 24; CRC Title 24, Part 2.5 |
| Colorado | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | ~$50 (El Paso County) | No mandatory statewide code; local adoption |
| Connecticut | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200 | 2022 CSBC (2021 IBC/IRC with amendments) |
| Delaware | 120–240 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$100 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Florida | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $75–$300+ | 2023 FBC, 8th Edition (statewide) |
| Georgia | 120 sq ft | 15–20 ft | ~$75 (Gwinnett County) | 2018 IBC/IRC via Dept of Community Affairs |
| Hawaii | 120–600 sq ft | 15 ft | ~$100 (Honolulu) | 2018 IBC with state amendments (county enforcement) |
| Idaho | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2021 IBC/IRC via Building Code Board |
| Illinois | 80–200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200+ | No mandatory statewide code; local adoption |
| Indiana | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2020 IBC/IRC statewide with local enforcement |
| Iowa | 120–200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2021 IBC/IRC with local enforcement |
| Kansas | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Kentucky | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2018 IBC/IRC statewide |
| Louisiana | 200 sq ft | 20 ft (St. Tammany) | $50–$200 | 2015 IBC/IRC (statewide via SUCCC) |
| Maine | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | MUBEC (2015 IBC/IECC) |
| Maryland | 120–200 sq ft | 15 ft | $100–$200 | 2021 IBC/IRC (county-based system) |
| Massachusetts | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 780 CMR 9th Ed. (2015 IBC/IRC + amendments) |
| Michigan | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2015 IBC/IRC (MBC) with state amendments |
| Minnesota | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2020 IRC statewide |
| Mississippi | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | Building Code Act (coastal mandatory) |
| Missouri | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local adoption |
| Montana | 200 sq ft (local) | 15 ft | $50–$150 | State Building Codes Program (Dept of Labor) |
| Nebraska | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Nevada | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| New Hampshire | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2015 IBC/IRC statewide |
| New Jersey | 200 sq ft* | 10 ft (for exemption) | $75–$200 | NJ Uniform Construction Code (UCC) |
| New Mexico | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2018 IBC/IRC statewide |
| New York | 80–200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200 | 2020 IBC/IRC (Uniform Code) + amendments |
| North Carolina | No dimension > 12 ft | 15 ft | $0.25–$0.35/sq ft | NCBC (2018 IBC/IRC + amendments) |
| North Dakota | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Ohio | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2024 OBC (effective March 1, 2024) |
| Oklahoma | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Oregon | 200 sq ft OR < 15 ft | 15 ft (key metric) | $50–$200 | 2021 IRC/IBC via Building Codes Division |
| Pennsylvania | 100–1,000 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200 | 2018 IBC/IRC (UCC) |
| Rhode Island | 64–200 sq ft | 12–15 ft | $50–$150 | 2018 IBC/IRC (RIBCC) |
| South Carolina | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2021 IBC/IRC statewide |
| South Dakota | 120 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Tennessee | Exempt (state) / 200 sq ft (local) | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2018 IRC via State Fire Marshal |
| Texas | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $47+ (Houston) | No statewide residential building code |
| Utah | 120–200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200 | 2021 IBC/IRC statewide |
| Vermont | 100 sq ft (zoning) | 15 ft | $50–$150 | 2015 IBC/IRC + Act 250 (local zoning) |
| Virginia | 256 sq ft | No specific limit for sheds | $165–$395 | 2021 USBC (Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code) |
| Washington | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$200 | 2021 WAC Title 51 (2021 IBC/IRC) |
| West Virginia | 200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
| Wisconsin | 150 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | UDC via Dept of Safety and Professional Services |
| Wyoming | 120–200 sq ft | 15 ft | $50–$150 | No mandatory statewide code; local IBC/IRC adoption |
Common Questions
In most states, sheds under 120-200 sq ft do not require a building permit. However, rules vary significantly by state, county, and municipality. Always check with your local building department before starting construction. Even if a building permit is not required, zoning setback rules (minimum distances from property lines) almost always apply.
The threshold varies widely by state. Virginia is the most generous at 256 sq ft. Most states use 200 sq ft (the IRC default). California, Massachusetts, and several others use 120 sq ft. Rhode Island can be as low as 64 sq ft in some towns. North Carolina uses a unique rule based on dimensions rather than area (no single dimension greater than 12 ft). Use our state-by-state guide above to find the exact limit for your location.
Building without a required permit can result in fines ranging from $100 to $5,000 or more, a stop-work order, and a requirement to tear down or modify the structure. It can also cause problems when selling your home, as unpermitted structures must be disclosed. In some cases, your homeowner's insurance may not cover damage to or from an unpermitted structure.
Permit costs typically range from $50 to $500 depending on your location and shed size. Most permits fall in the $50-$200 range for a standard shed. Some jurisdictions charge a flat fee, while others use a percentage of construction value (typically 1-2%) or a per-square-foot rate. Virginia fees can reach $395 for larger structures. Our Cost Calculator includes estimated permit costs for your state.
Some jurisdictions treat sheds on skids (portable or temporary structures) differently from permanent structures, potentially allowing them without a permit even when a permanent shed would require one. For example, portable buildings on skids are often exempt from property taxes in rural Arkansas counties. However, this varies widely and some areas require permits regardless of foundation type. Always check with your local building department.
Yes, in virtually every state, electrical and plumbing work in a shed requires a separate permit from the building permit, even if the shed itself is small enough to be exempt from a building permit. In California, any electrical or plumbing triggers a permit at ANY shed size. In New Jersey, any utility connection triggers a full UCC permit regardless of square footage. Electrical permits are typically issued by a state licensing board or local authority.
Tennessee exempts detached garages, sheds, barns, and non-living structures from building permits at the state level, though local jurisdictions like Nashville and Memphis enforce their own requirements. Many rural Texas counties have no building permit requirements at all. Alaska has no mandatory statewide building code, creating significant variation. Montana exempts private garages and storage buildings from state permits. However, even in these lenient areas, zoning rules and setback requirements typically still apply.